The illumination control function includes all blocks required to generate light for the DLP subsystem. The system is designed to support automotive applications requiring precise control of color and brightness over a wide dimming range. The complete dimming solution consists of hardware features included in both the DLPC23xS-Q1 and TPS99000S-Q1 along with DMD sequence data stored in the DLPC23xS-Q1. These elements work together to provide a usable system dimming range of over 5000:1, with up to 8 bits per color supported.

The illumination control function operates in two, distinct modes to cover the full dimming range. These modes are continuous mode (CM) and discontinuous mode (DM).

Figure 6-1 Comparison of Continuous and Discontinuous Mode Operation

Continuous mode features:

• High- to mid-brightness levels
• Rectangular light pulses created for each color
• Pulse amplitude and pulse width varied to adjust brightness level

Discontinuous mode features:

• Mid- to low-brightness levels
• A series of small triangular light pulses created for each color
• Number of pulses, pulse height, and LED current varied to adjust the brightness level

The illumination control loop regulates the current supplied to the LEDs through a real-time photo feedback control loop. A broadband photodiode is placed in the illumination path of the DLP subsystem in a location that receives light from all three red/green/blue LEDs. For continuous mode operation, photo feedback is used to create a real-time hysteretic control loop to set the brightness levels for each LED. In discontinuous mode, photo feedback sets a peak brightness threshold for each light pulse.

To support illumination control, the TPS99000S-Q1 includes numerous high-performance analog and mixed-signal blocks. These blocks include:

• A high-performance, ultra-wide dynamic range transimpedance amplifier (TIA) to convert photodiode current to a voltage, representing real-time LED brightness
• A high-speed comparator for photo feedback control
• A 12-bit DAC for photo feedback reference
• A 10-bit DAC for peak current limit adjustment
• Sync and drive enable outputs for synchronizing an external high-side PFET buck controller (LM3409)
• External FET drivers and control logic for selection of LEDs (FETs are external, but the drivers are internal)
• Two current shunt (by-pass) path FET controls, used to preregulate inductor current while light is disabled between colors, and to enable discontinuous mode operation
• A multi-purpose 12-bit ADC block with a dedicated two wire Kelvin input channel specifically for measuring LED current
• Hardware sample timer block that works in conjunction with DLPC23xS-Q1 to provide configurable hardware timed samples of LED current and voltage, temperature, and so on.
• RGB specific multiplexed settings for most parameters, enabling independent control parameter optimization per color